This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
,
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo, University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
,
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture in Niš, University of Nis , Niš , Serbia
Faculty of Mechanical and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo, University of Kragujevac , Kragujevac , Serbia
The compressive strength of masonry walls represents one of the key mechanical characteristics of masonry structures. Its determination goes beyond a simple consideration of the properties of individual materials and depends on the complex interaction between masonry units, mortar, assembly geometry, and loading conditions. This paper presents a systematization and analysis of methods for determining the compressive strength of masonry walls, including experimental, empirical–analytical, and numerical–mechanical approaches, with particular emphasis on contemporary methods based on artificial intelligence and hybrid models. The advantages and limitations of each group of methods are discussed, with a focus on their predictive capability and physical foundation. Special attention is given to the transition from traditional empirical relationships toward integrated multiscale and data-driven approaches, which provide a basis for improving research procedures and developing modern computational models for masonry structures.
masonry compressive strength, experimental methods, numerical methods, artificial intelligence, hybrid approache
This research was supported by the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia, under the Agreement on Financing the Scientific Research Work of Teaching Staff at the Faculty of Mechan-ical Engineering and Civil Engineering in Kraljevo, University of Kragujevac - Registration number: 451-03-34/2026-03/200108 and Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Nis - Registration number: 451- 451-03-34/2026-03/200095, dated 5 February 2026. The conducted research is related to the goal Industry, innovation and infra-structure in accordance with the universal strategy of the United Nations (Agenda 2030).
The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
